Swaraj Bhawan Museum , Prayagraj

Originally Anand Bhawan, built by Motilal Nehru, it became Swaraj Bhawan in 1930 when donated to the Indian National Congress. A hub for independence activities, it later became a museum showcasing the Nehru family’s contributions and the freedom struggle, located next to the “new” Anand Bhavan.

Swaraj Bhawan in Prayagraj is a historically significant mansion that played a vital role in India’s struggle for independence. Here’s a detailed look at its history:

Early History and Ownership:

• Originally Anand Bhawan: The mansion was originally built by Motilal Nehru, a prominent lawyer and leader of the Indian National Congress, in the early 20th century. It was initially named “Anand Bhawan,” meaning “Abode of Bliss.”
• Residence of the Nehru Family: From its construction until 1930, it served as the residence of the Nehru family, including Motilal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru (India’s first Prime Minister), and Indira Gandhi (later Prime Minister).

Role in the Indian Independence Movement:

• Center of Political Activity: Swaraj Bhawan became a hub of political activity during the Indian independence movement. It hosted important meetings of the Indian National Congress and served as a gathering place for freedom fighters.
• Donation to the Nation (1930): In 1930, Motilal Nehru donated the mansion to the Indian National Congress to be used as its headquarters in Allahabad (now Prayagraj). It was at this time that the name was changed to “Swaraj Bhawan,” meaning “Abode of Self-Rule” or “Abode of Freedom.”
• Key Events: Many important events related to the freedom struggle took place at Swaraj Bhawan, including meetings with Mahatma Gandhi and other prominent leaders.

Later Use and Transformation into a Museum:

• Confiscation and Re-acquisition: During the period of 1940-46, the British colonial authorities confiscated Swaraj Bhawan. It was later reacquired after India’s independence.
• Establishment of a Children’s Home: For some time, a children’s home was run in a part of the building.
• Conversion to a Museum: Eventually, Swaraj Bhawan was converted into a museum to commemorate the Nehru family and their contributions to the freedom struggle. It is now managed by the Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund.

What You Can See at the Museum:

• Memorabilia and Artifacts: The museum houses a collection of memorabilia, photographs, documents, and personal belongings of the Nehru family.
• Exhibits on the Freedom Movement: There are exhibits dedicated to the Indian independence movement, showcasing key events and figures.
• Mahatma Gandhi’s Charkha: A significant artifact on display is the charkha (spinning wheel) used by Mahatma Gandhi during his visits to the Bhawan.
• Underground Room: There’s an underground room that is believed to have been used for secret meetings during the freedom struggle.

Significance:

• Historical Landmark: Swaraj Bhawan is a significant historical landmark in Prayagraj and India, representing an important chapter in the nation’s history.
• Symbol of the Freedom Struggle: It stands as a symbol of the sacrifices and contributions made by the Nehru family and other freedom fighters in India’s fight for independence.

In summary, Swaraj Bhawan is a historically significant mansion that served as the residence of the Nehru family and a center of political activity during the Indian independence movement. It is now a museum that commemorates this important period in India’s history.